NAFTA and the Promises and Perils of the New Internationalism.

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1 Wolfgang Sachs, "On the Archeology of the Development Idea," p. 4. Unpublished in English, but manuscript produced by the Science, Technology and Society Program at Penn State, November 1989.

1 These terms are elaborated in Jeremy Brecher's contributions to Global Visions: Beyond the New World Order, edited by Jeremy Brecher, John Brown Childs, and Jill Cutler (Boston, South End Press, 1993) and in Jeremy Brecher and Tim Costello, Global Village or Global Pillage: Economic Reconstruction from the Bottom Up (Boston, South End Press, 1994).

1 For an overview of some of these initiatives see Brecher and Costello, Global Village or Global Pillage. Periodicals which include regular coverage of these netoworks include Labor Notes and Crossroads. Mexican discussions can be found (in English) in the newsletter The Other Side of Mexico published by the NGO Equipo Pueblo; Canadian coverage can be found in the monthly Canadian Dimension.

1 See Douglas Chalmers et al, Mexican NGO Networks and Popular Participation, Columbia University Institute of Latin American and Iberian Studies, Papers on Latin America #39, January 1995.

1 There are no agreed upon definitions of terms like "network" and "coalition" so the fact that the inter-organizational ties in Mexico and Canada are called networks and the US one is not does not necessarily mean much. I find it useful to define and thereby distinguish the terms as follows: a coalition of organizations comes together because to campaign collaboratively around a particular issue on which members agree. As such coalitions are likely to be quite politically heterogenous and are unlikely to exist after the particular issue has been addressed (be it through legislative action, an administrative ruling, or an event that the coalition itself creates). A network links politically mixed organizations which work on the same broad set of concerns or politically similar organizations which seek to coordinate on a range of shared concerns. Networks thus have, for me, greater political coherence, and are intended to be relatively more permanent than coalitions. Both coalitions and networks can a) help sustain contacts between member organizations, provide them with information, educational materials, etc. to increase the capacity of the member organizations to to work on shared projects; b) undertake tasks--such as lobbying, research, media outreach--on behalf of member organizations which they are unable to do on their own. Most coalitions and networks do a combination of both, but problems can arise--I think--when different groups have different expectations, especially when the staff of the network or coalition thinks they should be doing the second while many member organizations expect them to be doing the first.

1 For a fuller discussion of different meanings of the term sovereignty see the author's unpublished working paper, "Democracy Yes, Sovereignty No: An Exploration of Tensions between Domestic and Transnational Political Activism."

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